Public Health Week One
A. Vocabulary
a. DALY-Disability - adjusted life year
b. QALY - Quality adjusted life years
c. Determinants - host factors, agents, environmental actors
d. Vector of disease - living host that carries the agent
e. Nonliving vector - fomite
f. Risk indicators - non-changeable, family history etc.
g. Pathogenesis - mechanisms involved in the disease of the body
h. Symptom – eg. sore throat
i. Sign – physical, eg. lesion
j. Visible lesion - macroscopic
k. Histologically - microscopically
l. Acute - usually infectious
m. Chronic - often not infectious
n. Morbidity - how many become infected
o. Mortality - how many people die
p. Prevalence - how many people have ever had the disease
q. Incidence - how many people get it in a specific time
r. Endemic - persists in a population all the time
s. Epidemic - outbreak, large number of cases, short area of time
t. Pandemic -crosses international borders
u. Eradication-completely get rid of the disease
v. Elimination-gets rid of the disease in a specific area
w. Etiological-what causes it?
x. Pathogen - how it affects the body
y. Natural history - what happens if untreated
B. Public health
a. is concerned with population disease
b. It is a community (group of people together) health
c. Major steps in public health
i. Penicillin= Alexander Fleming WWII 1929
ii. about 15 years of development for a drug
iii. McKeown- economy affects health
1. Human Biology
2. Lifestyle and behavior
3. Societal
a. Economic growth and prosperity=narrow income spreads led to better health in Japan
4. Environmental
5. Healthcare
d. Etiological agents
i. communicable infectious agents
ii. non communicable
e. Three major communicable diseases globally
i. HIV
ii. Tuberculosis
iii. Malaria
f. Common childhood killers
i. lower respiratory infections
ii. gastrointestinal
1. major risk factor=Underweight
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